主要メッセージ

- 正常反応（卵巣が刺激薬に対して平均的な反応を示す）が予測される女性では、ゴナドトロピン放出ホルモン（GnRH）拮抗薬を使ったショート法は、GnRH作動薬を使ったロング法と同じ程度の生児出生率または継続的妊娠率が得られる可能性が高い。また、GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法は、GnRH作動薬を使ったロング法と比べて、卵巣過剰刺激症候群（OHSS、卵巣が刺激薬に過剰に反応して腫れや痛みを生じ、重症になると命にかかわるような合併症を引き起こす可能性もある）のリスクを減らす可能性が高い。

- 下垂体を抑制しない卵巣刺激法は、GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法やGnRH作動薬によるフレアアップ法と比べて、生児出生率または継続的妊娠率が低い可能性がある。

- 高い反応性が予測される（卵巣が刺激薬に反応して卵子がたくさんできると予測されることを意味し、OHSSなどの合併症のリスクが高くなる）女性では、GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法でヒト閉経期ゴナドトロピン（hMG）を使うと、遺伝子組換え卵胞刺激ホルモン（rFSH）と比べて、OHSSのリスクを減らす可能性がある。

体外受精（IVF）とは？

不妊症の人の中には、妊娠するために体外受精が必要な人もいる。体外受精にはいくつかの段階がある。卵巣刺激（COS：1回の月経周期で複数の卵子ができるのを助ける薬を使う）、採卵（卵巣から卵子を取り出す）、受精（体の外で卵子と精子を受精させ、胚を作る）、胚移植法（胚を子宮の中に移植する）などがある。

このうち、卵巣刺激は重要な段階である。卵巣の中にある卵子の成長を刺激するホルモン剤（ゴナドトロピンと呼ばれる）の注射を打つことが多い。途中で自然に排卵してしまうことを防ぐために、排卵を促すホルモンを抑える薬も使う（下垂体抑制という）。一連の治療は、特定の方法で組み合わせて行い、これをプロトコールと呼ぶ。

どのプロトコールを選ぶかは、年齢、体重、卵巣予備能（卵巣にある卵子の数）など、治療を受ける個人の要因によって異なる。プロトコールによって、妊娠率、卵巣過剰刺激症候群（OHSS）などの合併症のリスク、採卵できる数に影響する可能性がある。しかしながら、どのプロトコールが最も効果的で安全なのかは、まだ明らかになっていない。

知りたかったこと

卵巣刺激のプロトコールとして、どれがより優れているのか、また、好ましくない効果を伴うのはどれかを調べたかった。

何を行ったのか？

さまざまな卵巣刺激のプロトコールを比べた研究を検索した。その結果を比較、要約し、研究方法や規模などの要因に基づいてエビデンスに対する信頼性を評価した。

わかったこと

59,086人の女性を対象とした、さまざまな卵巣刺激のプロトコールを直接比べた338件の研究を対象とした。比較のパターンは15種類あった。これらの研究のうち、226件の研究は、正常反応と予測される女性のみを対象としていた。31件の研究は、高反応と予測される女性のみを対象としていた。81件の研究は、低反応と予測される女性のみを対象としていた。

生児出産

下垂体抑制法

正常な反応が予測される女性では、GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法でも、GnRH作動薬を使ったロング法と同じ程度の生児出生率または継続的妊娠率が得られる可能性が高い。このエビデンスによると、GnRH作動薬を使ったロング法による生児出産率を28％と仮定した場合、GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法による生児出生率は24～30％となる。低反応と高反応が予測される女性については、エビデンスに確信が持てなかった。

その他のエビデンス

その他の分析では、生児出生率や継続的妊娠率における差は確認できなかった。

卵巣過剰刺激症候群（OHSS）

下垂体抑制法

正常反応が予測される女性では、GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法は、GnRH作動薬を使ったロング法と比べて、OHSSのリスクを減らす可能性が高い。このエビデンスによると、GnRH作動薬を使ったロング法でのOHSSの発症率を25％と仮定した場合、GnRH作動薬を使ったショート法でのOHSS率は20～25％となる。低反応と高反応が予測される女性については、エビデンスに確信が持てなかった。

GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法

高い反応が予測される女性に対しては、GnRH拮抗薬を使ったショート法にヒト閉経期ゴナドトロピン（hMG）を使うと、遺伝子組換えFSH（rFSH）と比べてOHSSリスクを減らせるかもしれない。このエビデンスによると、rFSHを使った治療の後にOHSSが起こる確率を21％と仮定した場合、hMGを使った治療の後のOHSSの発症率は6～14％となる。低反応と高反応が予測される女性については、エビデンスに確信が持てなかった。

その他のエビデンス

その他の分析では、OHSSの発症率における差は確認されなかった。

エビデンスの限界

プロトコールによっては研究数が限られているほか、十分にデザインされていない研究もあり、研究間で結果に一貫性がなかったことから、多くのエビデンスの信頼性が低かった。そのため、結果について確信が持てない。

エビデンスの更新状況

エビデンスは、2024年6月現在のものである。

主要メッセージ

• デジタル介入は、わずかながら体脂肪量に対する短期的な有益な効果（脂肪量減少）をもたらす可能性があるが、他の評価項目に対する効果は不明である。

• デジタル介入の安全性について報告した研究はなかった。

• 今後の研究では、年齢、性別、人種／民族別に結果を報告すること、すべてのデータを報告すること、 特に有害事象や他の評価項目を含めること、分析には（肥満管理に重要な要素であるため）食事と身体活動の両方をコントロールすること、および介入の根拠となる行動理論を報告することなどが必要である。

小児期の肥満はなぜ問題なのか？

小児肥満は、世界的な公衆衛生上の問題であり、糖尿病や心臓病など長期にわたる病気（慢性疾患）の発症リスクを高めている。2016年には、世界で3億4000万人以上の5歳～19歳の小児および青少年が、過体重または肥満の状態にあった。

デジタル技術とはどのようなもので、減量管理にどのように活用されているのか？

研究者は、ウェアラブルデバイス（体の一部に装着して使用する小型で携帯可能なコンピュータの一種）、ウェブベース介入（ウェブサイトを利用した心理教育的介入プログラム）、テキストメッセージ、スマートフォンやタブレットのアプリケーション（アプリ）、「エクサゲーム」（体を動かす要素を取り入れたビデオゲーム）やアクティブなビデオゲーム、テレヘルス（携帯電話／スマートフォン、コンピューター、タブレットなどを使って、自宅に居ながら医師の診察を受けたり医師とコミュニケーションを取ることができる）など、デジタル技術を活用した小児および青少年の肥満を管理する新たな方法を調査している。これらのデジタル技術の利点は以下の通りである：

• いつでも利用可能であり、長期にわたって望ましい行動を維持するのに役立つ可能性がある；
• 医療費の削減；
• 健康への公平性を促進する、つまり、一般にどこからでもアクセスでき、多くの人が利用できるため、異なる集団間における健康の不公平な格差を減らすことにつながる。

知りたかったこと

デジタル技術を導入することが小児および青少年の減量に役立つかどうか、またこれらのデジタルツールが安全かどうかを知りたかった。

実施したこと

19歳までの小児と青少年を対象とした肥満管理において、「ウェアラブル」（食事、健康、および／またはフィットネスなどを管理するため、体の一部に装着して使用する小型で携帯可能な電子機器）、ウェブベース介入、テキストメッセージ、モバイルアプリ、エクサゲーム、テレヘルスなどのデジタル技術を評価した研究を検索した。特定した研究を以下のように2つの比較条件にグループ分けした：

• デジタル技術（デジタル介入）と通常治療（デジタル介入なし）を併用した場合と、通常治療のみの場合との比較；
• デジタル技術（デジタル介入）のみ使用の場合と、通常治療のみ使用の場合との比較。

研究結果を比較して要約し、研究方法や研究規模などの要因に基づいて、エビデンスの信頼性を評価した。

わかったこと

合計911人の小児および青少年を含む15件の研究を対象とした。5件の研究では、0歳～19歳の小児および青少年を対象としていた。10件の研究では、10歳～19歳の年齢層のみを対象としていた。9件の研究が、6ヵ月未満の研究（短期研究）であり、残りの6件の研究は、6か月以上の研究（長期研究）であった。

8件の研究では、デジタル技術（デジタル介入）と通常治療を併用した場合と、通常治療のみの場合を比較した。デジタル技術（デジタル介入）併用によるアプローチは、研究終了時に体脂肪を平均2.63%減少させた可能性がある。これはわずかながらも重要な改善である。他の評価項目への影響は不明であった。

7件の研究では、デジタル技術（デジタル介入）単独の場合と、デジタル介入を併用しない通常治療のみの場合を比較した。いずれのアウトカムもデジタル介入単独の効果は不明であった。

これらのデジタル技術（デジタル介入）の安全性について報告した研究はなかった。

エビデンスの限界は何か？

対象とした小児および青少年の年齢層にとって、デジタル介入と通常治療の併用による体脂肪量の減少が長期にわたって臨床的に意義のある変化と評価することは、限られたエビデンスのため困難である。また、これらのデジタル技術の安全性に関するエビデンスはなく、年齢層によってアウトカムが異なるかどうかを判断するための十分な情報もなかった。

本エビデンスはいつのものか？

エビデンスは2025年4月14日時点のものである。

要点

• 低強度衝撃波療法は、長期的に勃起を改善する可能性がある。

• 低強度衝撃波治療は、短期的には陰茎の硬さやこわばりを改善する可能性がある。

• 治療に関連した副作用や副作用による早期の治療中止は、短期的にはまれである。

勃起不全とは？

勃起不全は、男性が性行為の際に十分に勃起しない、あるいは勃起が維持できない状態のことで、よく見られる問題である。他の健康状態、医学的治療（前立腺に対する薬や手術など）、不健康な生活習慣（喫煙、食生活の乱れ、運動不足など）、うつ状態や不安など、さまざまなことが原因で起こる可能性がある。

勃起不全はどのように治療するのか？

勃起不全の治療にはさまざまな方法がある。まず、医師は、もっと運動する、バランスの取れた食事をする、喫煙をやめるなど、生活習慣の改善を勧めるかもしれない。それでも効果がない場合は、医師が薬を勧めることもある。性的なパートナーとの関係や感情に関する問題であれば、セラピストに相談することを勧めることもある。器具や注射、手術といった治療法もある。このコクランレビューでは、衝撃波を用いた新しい治療法について検討している。

衝撃波治療とは何か？

低強度衝撃波療法は、音波を使って陰茎の血流をよくし、勃起を助ける。簡単な治療法である。医師が陰茎のさまざまな部分に小さな器具を使用する。治療は痛くないし、麻酔薬も必要ない。治療時間は約15分から約20分で、数週間にわたって数回行われる。

低強度衝撃波治療という言葉は、この治療の安全性を強調している。高強度の衝撃波は強力で、腎臓結石などを砕くのに使われるが、低強度の衝撃波はそれよりも弱く、害を与えることなく効果を発揮する。

知りたかったこと

低強度衝撃波治療が偽治療（衝撃波を使うふりをした装置）よりも効果があるかどうかを知りたかった。以下の評価を行った：

• 衝撃波治療が勃起にどれほど効果があるか；

• 衝撃波治療が偽治療より早く中止されるかどうか；

• 好ましくない影響があるか否か；

• 患者とそのパートナーが治療結果に満足しているか否か；

• 衝撃波治療が陰茎をより硬くするか否か；

• 衝撃波治療が性生活をより良いものにするか否か。

実施したこと

勃起不全の男性を対象に、低強度衝撃波治療を偽治療と比較したすべての医学研究を検索した。これらの研究結果をチェックし、結果を要約し、研究の実施方法などの要素から信頼度を評価した。

わかったこと

低強度衝撃波治療または偽治療を受けた1,357人の男性を対象とした21件の研究が見つかった。これらの男性の年齢は39歳から65歳で、勃起不全の期間は3か月から68か月であった。

主な結果

短期間（3か月以内）では、低強度衝撃波療法は勃起にわずかな改善効果をもたらすかもしれないが、その効果は男性が気づくほど大きくないかもしれないことがわかった。長期的（3か月以上）には、勃起を改善する可能性がある。短期的には、陰茎の硬さが改善されるかもしれない。長期的には、陰茎の硬さにもわずかながら影響を与えるかもしれないが、この効果もまた、男性が気づくほど大きくないかもしれない。どの治療法も短期的にしか使用されなかったが、長期的にはいくつかの結果が報告されている。短期的にも長期的にも、低強度衝撃波療法は治療による副作用や治療の中断にほとんど影響を与えない可能性がある。患者やそのパートナーの治療結果に対する満足度や性生活に関する情報は見つからなかった。

エビデンスの限界

以下の理由のため、エビデンスに関して十分な確信を得ることができなかった。

• 研究は以下の点であまりうまくいっていない；

• エビデンスは、レビューで対象としたかったすべての人、治療法、エンドポイントを網羅しているわけではない；

• 研究は勃起不全の男性を対象としており、衝撃波の送り方も異なっている;

• 結果はそれぞれの研究で大きく異なっていた。

21件の研究のうち9件が、衝撃波治療を行う装置を製造している企業から資金提供を受けていた。5件の研究は、産業界から金銭を受け取っていないと回答し、残りの研究は金銭を受け取ったかどうかを明記していない。

本エビデンスの更新状況

本レビューは2024年7月7日現在のものである。

Title: Cochrane Support Officer
Specifications: Permanent - Full time (37.5 hours)
Salary:  £30,000 per annum 
Location: Remote - Ideally based in the UK, Germany or Denmark. 
Directorate: Publishing and Technology directorate
Closing date: 18 June 2025

Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesizing research findings and our work has been recognized as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters around the world. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into four directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

The Cochrane Support team is the first point of contact for the international Cochrane community. We provide technical and user support to Cochrane editorial teams and review authors; and handle enquiries from members of the public about Cochrane’s work.

We pride ourselves on our timely and coordinated support service, covering a broad range of areas including Cochrane editorial processing and publication, review-writing software, Cochrane Account login, membership, training, and volunteering opportunities. The team is progressively taking on additional IT services tasks.     

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust. 

You can expect: 

• An opportunity to truly impact health globally 
• A flexible work environment
• A comprehensive onboarding experiences
• An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply:

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 18 June 2025.  We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held w/c 23 June, 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits.

 

Thursday, June 12, 2025 Category: Jobs

Cochrane recently participated in the 78th World Health Assembly (WHA), the world’s foremost global health policy event. Wrapping up this year, we're reflecting on a week of historic milestones and inspiring dialogue in a time where evidence and collaboration matter more than ever.

Held at the UN Headquarters in Geneva, the Health Assembly is the decision-making body for the World Health Organization (WHO), attended by representatives of all Member States, as well as NGOs and funding organizations. It is a key forum to advocate for evidence-informed health policies.

A historic resolution for evidence-based decision-making

This World Health Assembly marked the historic adoption of the resolution on strengthening national capacities in evidence-based decision-making for the uptake and impact of norms and standards. The resolution calls for the recognition of the value of high-quality synthesized evidence and the importance of supporting local priorities and foster strong leadership that’s based on science, evidence, and is human-centred. 

To support the adoption of the resolution, Karla Soares-Weiser, Cochrane’s Acting CEO, was invited to speak at a high-level panel discussion hosted by Ethiopia, China, Norway, the Wellcome Trust and the Gates Foundation. 

The event began with opening remarks from Director-General, WHO, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, and Chief Scientist, WHO, Sir Jeremy Farrar, as well as Norway’s State Secretary for Health and diplomats from China and Ethiopia. This was followed by a panel discussion on what is needed to turn global evidence into local action for real-world impact.

Through our official relations status with WHO, we were given the privilege of making a statement at the Health Assembly in front of an audience of Member States and policymakers from across the world. We highlighted the importance of the resolution and affirmed our commitment to supporting colleagues at WHO, Member States, and stakeholders in the implementation of the resolution.

Engagement with our partners

To commemorate the occasion, Cochrane partnered with Devex to co-host the Devex Nightcap, and annual event where funders, implementers and journalists are invited to share a drink and discuss what is happening behind the scenes and what their priorities are. We used this opportunity to demonstrate Cochrane’s leadership in Global Health and had many informal conversations with key figures including Dr Chikwe Ihekweazu, Assistant Director-General, WHO. 

As part of Cochrane Rehabilitation’s involvement with the World Rehabilitation Alliance — a WHO global network of stakeholders whose mission is to support the implementation of the Rehabilitation 2030 Initiative through advocacy activities —  we engaged in multiple activities to demonstrate the role of rehabilitation as an essential health service that is integral to Universal Health Coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals. This included participating in a high-level side event hosted by the World Rehabilitation Alliance and Humanity and Inclusion and making a statement on the importance of including rehabilitation in non-communicable disease frameworks in front of Member States and policymakers. 

A new WHO action plan on climate change and health was also approved during the Health Assembly, marking an important step forward in global health and climate policy. The draft Global action plan 2025–2028 acknowledged the urgent need to address the health impacts of climate change, positioning health systems as part of the climate solution. Cochrane Planetary Health provided vital input drafting Cochrane’s statement on the importance of creating innovative methods for climate and health research, as well as and implementing evidence-based approaches. 

Get involved

If you would like to find out more about the resolution on evidence-based decision-making and how you can get involved, please get in touch with Mariam Salman, Advocacy Lead (msalman@cochrane.org). If you would like to find out more about our partnership with Devex during the World Health Assembly, please get in touch with Claudia Llado, Business Development Lead (cllado@cochrane.org). 

Monday, June 2, 2025

Title: Digital Marketing Officer
Specifications: Permanent – Full Time
Salary: £38,000 per annum
Location: (Remote) resident in the UK, Germany or Denmark. 
Directorate: Development and External Relations Directorate
Closing date: 16 May, 2025

The Digital Marketing Officer is an exciting new role that reflects the strategic importance of digital marketing to Cochrane, an internationally renowned charity providing high-quality health evidence.

You will support the organization’s digital marketing function, reporting to the Digital Marketing Manager. Together you will deliver high-quality, targeted digital marketing campaigns that inspire engagement and support from a range of audiences.

This role will support both brand marketing for diverse audiences and B2B/B2C marketing aimed primarily at universities and academics. Brand marketing will involve contributing to Cochrane’s social media accounts and email marketing, working closely with colleagues who manage the CRM (SugarCRM). Commercial marketing will include promoting academic conferences, on-demand training courses, and specialist software (SaaS).

Joining our team means becoming part of a mission to enhance global health through reliable, evidence-based practices. You'll collaborate with dedicated professionals and partners worldwide to ensure health decisions are informed by the best available data. Our core values — collaboration, relevance, integrity, and quality — guide all our actions. By joining us, you'll contribute to making a significant impact on health outcomes globally.

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 16 May, 2025.  We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held on w/c 26 May 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits.

 

 

Friday, May 9, 2025 Category: Jobs

オピオイド依存症（中毒）治療における徐放性（長時間作用型）ナルトレキソンの利益とリスクは？ 要点 - 徐放性ナルトレキソンによる治療を受けている人が、ブプレノルフィンやメタドンなどのオピオイド作動薬による治療を受けている人よりも、ヘロインなどの違法オピオイドを使用する頻度が低いかどうかは不明である。 - 徐放性ナルトレキソンによる治療を受けた人は、経口ナルトレキソン、プラセボまたは標準治療による治療を受けた人よりも、違法オピオイドを使用する頻度が低い可能性がある。 - 徐放性ナルトレキソンによる治療は、オピオイド作動薬による治療よりも安全性は低いかもしれないが、標準治療よりは安全である。 - 臨床医と患者は、治療法の選択肢の有無と特徴をよく検討し、徐放性ナルトレキソンは自由を制限することなく断薬を助けるが、解毒が必要であることに留意すべきである。長期的な安全性と維持については、より多くのエビデンスが必要である。 オピオイド依存症とは何か？ ヘロインやオキシコドンのような処方鎮痛剤を含むオピオイド系薬物は、中毒や深刻な健康被害をもたらすリスクがある。治療には多くの場合、これらのオピオイドをメタドンやブプレノルフィンなどのより安全な代替品に置き換えることが必要だが、心理療法やナルトレキソンのような他の選択肢もある。しかし、オピオイド依存の克服は、その複雑な性質と、それに伴う再発や過剰...

Title: Internal Communications Officer
Specifications: Permanent – Full Time
Salary:  £36,000 per annum 
Location: Remote - Resident in the UK, Germany or Denmark. 
Directorate: Development and External Relations Directorate
Closing date: 16 May 2025

Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesizing research findings and our work has been recognized as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane is now recruiting for a full time Internal Communications Officer. The successful applicant will play an important role in keeping our staff informed, connected and engaged. The Internal Communications Officer will create content and manage channels to communicate with staff, while developing and trialing new ways of doing so. 

The Internal Communications Officer will make sure that everyone at Cochrane knows what's going on, feels part of a bigger team and understands how their work fits into Cochrane’s strategic goals. By coming up with clear plans for sharing information, they will also help staff feel motivated and included in our positive and collaborative global team.  

The successful applicant will also spend time listening to colleagues, looking at ways to improve our staff communications and working with different departments to make sure their messages are clear and easy to understand. 

The overall goal of this role is to help Cochrane stay connected as an organization where people feel valued and informed. 

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigor and trust. 

You can expect: 

• An opportunity to truly impact health globally
• A flexible work environment
• A comprehensive onboarding experiences
• An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here. 
• The deadline to receive your application is 16 May 2025.  We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held w/c 26 May, 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits.

 

Tuesday, May 6, 2025 Category: Jobs

Title: Head of Technology
Specifications: 6 months – Fixed term contract – Full time
Salary: £63,000 per annum (will be pro-rated for the 6-month contract)
Location: Remote (hybrid if based in Copenhagen) - Resident in the UK, Germany or Denmark
Directorate: Publishing and Technology Directorate
Closing date: 14 May 2025

Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters around the world. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into four directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

The Head of Technology will be overseeing systems architecture, software development, and IT operations for Cochrane. You will manage Cochrane’s systems administration and software development teams (9 persons), as well as outsourced development, and align their efforts to meet Cochrane’s operational needs and strategic goals. You will collaborate with teams across the organization and advocate for agile ways of working and sustainable IT solutions. You will bridge the gap between technical teams and executive leadership.

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust. 

You can expect: 

• An opportunity to truly impact health globally
• A flexible work environment
• A comprehensive onboarding experiences
• An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 14 May 2025.  We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held w/c 26 May, 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits.

 

Thursday, May 1, 2025 Category: Jobs

Title: Cochrane Support Officer
Specifications: Permanent – Part Time (0.6 FTE, 22.5 hours)
Salary:  £30,000 per annum (will be pro-rated)
Location: Remote - Ideally based in the UK, Germany or Denmark. 
Directorate: Publishing and Technology Directorate
Closing date: 14 May 2025

Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters around the world. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into four   directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

The Cochrane Support team is the first point of contact for the international Cochrane community. We provide technical and user support to Cochrane editorial teams and review authors; and handle enquiries from members of the public about Cochrane’s work.

We pride ourselves on our timely and coordinated support service, covering a broad range of areas including Cochrane editorial processing and publication, review-writing software, Cochrane Account login, membership, training, and volunteering opportunities. The team is progressively taking on additional IT services tasks.     

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust. 

You can expect: 

• An opportunity to truly impact health globally
• A flexible work environment
• A comprehensive onboarding experiences
• An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here
• The deadline to receive your application is 14 May 2025.  We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held w/c 26 May, 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits.

 

Thursday, May 1, 2025 Category: Jobs

Title: Quality Assurance Editor
Specifications: Permanent – Full Time
Salary: £35,000 - £43,000 per annum
Location: (Remote) Resident in the UK, Germany or Denmark. 
Directorate: Evidence Production and Methods Directorate
Closing date: 6 May, 2025

Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesizing research findings and our work has been recognized as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

As Quality Assurance Editor within Cochrane’s Editorial Department, you will assess whether protocols, reviews and updates submitted to Cochrane’s Central Editorial Service have met Cochrane’s methodological standards. You will recommend editorial decisions based on the quality of the methods in the articles submitted, provide feedback to authors on their articles, and support members of the Central Editorial Service with methods queries.  

The post holder will identify common methodological issues identified during methods assessments, and will recommend and support improvements to Cochrane’s guidance and training for authors and groups. 

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust. 

You can expect: 

• An opportunity to truly impact health globally
• A flexible work environment
• A comprehensive onboarding experiences
• An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

Cochrane has offices with payroll in the UK, Germany and Denmark. 

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 6 May, 2025. We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held on 15 and 16 May, 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement.
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits.

 

Thursday, April 24, 2025 Category: Jobs

A newly-published Cochrane review reveals significant gaps in the clinical rating scales used to assess pain in newborn babies, highlighting the urgent need for improved tools and global collaboration.

Despite the critical importance of accurately measuring pain in newborns, the review found that none of the available scales are backed by the high-quality evidence and methodological safeguards required to confirm their validity and reliability in clinical practice.

Neonatal pain assessment and management presents a challenge for clinical staff worldwide. Over 40 rating scales have been developed and adapted worldwide assessing different parameters and various types of pain.

Six to nine percent of all newborns require admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to either illness of prematurity. These infants endure multiple painful procedures daily, which can lead to long-term negative effects. Due to this, valid tools to support the assessment of pain are of great importance.

Infant pain scales lack robust evidence

The Cochrane review analysed 79 studies involving over 7,000 infants across 26 countries, evaluating 27 different clinical rating scales. All rating scales were found to be supported by very low-quality evidence, indicating major limitations in their effectiveness and clinical applicability.

“Over 70% of rating scales in this review did not assess content and structural validity, and both these factors are essential when selecting a measurement instrument,” says Kenneth Färnqvist, physiotherapist and PhD candidate at the Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery at the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden. “Without a strong foundation in these areas, other necessary measures, such as reliability, cannot be accurately evaluated. Future studies must prioritise rigorous validation to improve neonatal pain assessment.” 

Measuring pain in newborns is particularly complex compared to adults. Such limitations may lead to an over- or under-estimation of pain, resulting in unnecessary sedation or inadequately treated pain, potentially jeopardising infant safety through treatment side-effects, including withdrawal symptoms or prolonged discomfort. Premature infants further complicate matters, as they often have a reduced ability to display robust pain behaviour due to their immaturity. The same is also true for ill or sedated infants.

“It is important to remember that clinical rating scales are only surrogates for pain measurement,” says Roger F. Soll, Professor of Neonatology at the University of Vermont. “Given the uncertainty highlighted in this review, clinical staff should avoid relying too heavily on the rating scales currently in practice and instead strive to decrease painful procedures as much as possible in this vulnerable population.” 

Global collaboration needed to improve infant pain assessment

Despite the disappointing results, this review presents an opportunity for progress in neonatal pain assessment, particularly through global collaboration and innovation.

Emma Persad, doctor and PhD candidate at the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health at the Karolinska Institutet, sees this as an opportunity for global collaboration and a call to action. 

“This is our chance to unite medical professionals and methodologists in developing a rigorously validated scale from scratch, one that meets all necessary checks before implementation in research and practice,” Emma says. “We look forward to beginning this impactful work and the implications it will have on assessing and managing neonatal pain worldwide.” 

Are you interested in getting involved or staying updated on the progress?

As per the findings of this 2025 review, Clinical rating scales for assessing pain in newborn infants, we would like to proactively respond to these findings by convening medical professionals and methodologists worldwide to work together to develop a more rigorous and evidence-based pain scale. 

If you're interested in getting involved, or staying up-to-date on the progress being made, please fill out the following form. For more information, contact Mia Parkinson.

• Read the Cochrane review and the plain language summary

 

Friday, April 11, 2025

Role: Business Analyst
Location: Remote working (resident in the UK, Germany or Denmark). 
Specifications: 6 months Fixed term contract.
Hours: Full-time week (flexible working considered) – 37.5 hours.
Salary: £42,000 per annum.
Application Closing Date: Wednesday 23rd April 2025 (Midnight GMT).

As a Business Analyst, you will gather, validate, and document business requirements using workshops, user research, use cases, and task and workflow analysis. You will ensure requirements are sufficiently detailed, reviewed, signed off, and kept up-to-date and are fully traceable. You will create and manage functional specifications, and contribute to identifying and validating appropriate solutions to support business objectives.

You will act as a key liaison between relevant stakeholders and departments, and product and software development teams to ensure feature implementation goals are met. 

You will be proactive, approachable, and curious. You will demonstrate an aptitude for user-centric, data-informed problem solving. As well as being a skillful communicator, you will be able to engage with technical and non-technical stakeholders across all levels. You will be driven to provide value and deliver demonstrable impact.

Cochrane is a global, independent network of health practitioners, researchers, patient advocates and others, responding to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesizing research findings to produce the best available evidence on what can work, what might harm and where more research is needed. Our work is recognized as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information. 

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 23 April, 2025.  We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held on w/c 28 April 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits

 

Wednesday, April 9, 2025 Category: Jobs

Cochrane will no longer use the term ‘consumer’ to represent patients and the public, which we previously defined as ‘healthcare consumers’.  We have adopted the term ‘patient and public involvement’ to describe research being carried out ‘with’ or ‘by’ members of the public, rather than ‘to’, ‘about’ or ‘for’ them. 

Represented groups include patients and potential patients, carers, people who use health and social care services, and people or organizations that represent these groups. 

Patient and public involvement helps to make our research ethical, relevant, and impactful. Insights from members of the public can shape meaningful research questions and produce useful findings. People living with a health condition are often in a better position to identify unanswered questions and determine what research would most likely improve their quality of life. 

Involving patients and members of the public also improves transparency, informed consent, ensures respectful and practical participation, and enhances communication by presenting information in accessible and useful formats. Ultimately, it helps research to better serve the needs of patients and the public. 

“Involving patients and members of the public has long been an important part of Cochrane’s work,” says Karla Soares-Weiser, Acting Chief Executive of Cochrane. “It ensures that our reviews are not only scientifically rigorous, but also meaningful and relevant to the people they aim to serve. We hope that this name change makes clear that anyone can contribute to Cochrane, and we welcome diverse experiences from patients and members of the public across the world.”  

Anyone who would like to get involved in Cochrane’s work can volunteer through our website or join the Patient and Public Network to receive monthly updates and opportunities to get involved. 

Jack Nunn, Co-Chair of the Cochrane Patient and Public Network Executive, said: 

"Cochrane started as a collaboration for everyone over 30 years ago. Language evolves, and choosing the right words is essential. Cochrane's change to using 'patient and public involvement' reflects a global shift and shows they have listened to the many voices from around the world who felt 'consumer' was no longer the right word. By saying 'patient and public involvement', more people are likely to understand the important and essential concepts behind those words — and the actions to which they point, which is involving everyone in shaping the future of evidence."

Cochrane acknowledges that many different terminologies are used across global health. We are committed to revisiting these terminologies regularly and collaboratively updating them as they evolve, ensuring that concepts not only translate across languages but also align with local contexts. 

Using language that better reflects the values of the people who support and use Cochrane evidence has the potential to improve inclusivity, foster a sense of belonging, build relationships, and strengthen trust with diverse communities including underrepresented groups.  

Our Patient and Public Involvement Manager, April English, will be updating Cochrane materials to reflect the new language over the coming months. 

• Join the Patient and Public Network here

Tuesday, April 8, 2025

Monday 7 April marks World Health Day, a day organised by the World Health Organization (WHO) to highlight a particular global health issue. This year, it aims to kick off a year-long campaign on maternal and newborn health.

Maternal, newborn, and child health is a major global health priority, and yet in many parts of the world there are still far too many preventable deaths among mothers and young children. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that close to 300,000 women die during and following childbirth each year. Around 95% of those deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, in one of the starkest demonstrations of global health inequities. Postpartum haemorrhage alone accounts for over a quarter of maternal deaths each year, a number that emphasises the urgent need for evidence-based interventions.

Maternal, newborn, and child health: one of the four pillars

At Cochrane, our vision is a healthier world for everyone where health and care decisions are informed by high-quality evidence.

Cochrane has a long and proud history of advancing maternal, newborn, and child health. Much of our early work focused on evaluating evidence-based strategies to prevent illness and death among expectant mothers and babies, shaping international guidelines on labour induction and postnatal care. We have also contributed to landmark reviews, including one on the benefits of steroid injections for women at risk of preterm birth, research that even inspired the Cochrane logo.

With maternal, child and newborn health being one of the strategic pillars in our scientific strategy, we remain committed to improving the health and wellbeing of mothers and children worldwide and tackling the vast health equity gap between different populations. We will assess strategies aimed at preventing illnesses and deaths related to pregnancy and childbirth, enhance prevention and treatment for diseases in babies and children, and help improve sexual health and fertility services.

What are we doing?

Cochrane has a strong track record in maternal, newborn, and child health, with over 220 reviews informing WHO recommendations in this area.

Last year we collaborated with the WHO on a suite of 14 rapid reviews to improve the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. This work is part of WHO’s four-point plan to accelerate progress toward the Sustainable Development Goal of reducing maternal mortality to 70 deaths per 100,000 live births by 2030 (SDG 3.1). By fast-tracking evidence synthesis, Cochrane’s reviews will inform updated WHO guidelines, influencing maternal healthcare policies worldwide.

Beyond postpartum haemorrhage, Cochrane is evaluating interventions for maternal infections, pre-eclampsia prevention through calcium supplementation, diabetes management during pregnancy, and clinical management of caesarean sections. These areas are critical for improving maternal health outcomes, particularly in low-resource settings.

“High-quality evidence is essential for improving maternal and newborn health worldwide. Through Cochrane’s scientific strategy, we address critical global health needs and pressing research questions,” explains Roses Parker, Commissioning Editor at Cochrane. “We collaborate with decision-makers to ensure they have access to the best available evidence for policy and practice. Currently, we are focusing on a suite of reviews on diagnosing and managing gestational diabetes and partnering with Cochrane India to develop an evidence gap map to guide future work on neonatal mortality.” 

The need for evidence-based policy

The leading causes of maternal, neonatal, and child mortality are largely known, preventable, and treatable through strategic, population-based healthcare policies. Despite this, inequalities due to income, education, gender, race and/or ethnicity limit access to care, further marginalising these vulnerable populations. Recognising this disproportionate burden in LMICs, Cochrane is prioritising capacity building and evidence co-production in these regions.

Cochrane remains committed to working alongside the WHO, governments, and health systems to turn high-quality research into life-saving policies. Strengthening maternal, newborn, and child health systems through evidence-based interventions is critical to achieving global health goals and ensuring health for all.

• Read more about World Health Day 2025
• Find out more about our scientific strategy

 

Monday, April 7, 2025

Title: Subscription Renewals Officer
Specifications: Permanent – Full time or Part Time (minimum 22.5 hours)
Salary: £35,000 per annum full time 
Location: (Remote) resident in the UK, Germany or Denmark. 
Directorate: Development and External Relations Directorate
Closing date: 15 April, 2025

The Subscription Renewals Officer role will work closely with the Business Development Manager to grow the organisation’s commercial services income. As SRO, you will be responsible for supporting customer satisfaction and maximising customer lifetime value through successful contract renewals.

Joining our team means becoming part of a mission to enhance global health through reliable, evidence-based practices. You'll collaborate with dedicated professionals and partners worldwide to ensure health decisions are informed by the best available data. Our core values — collaboration, relevance, integrity, and quality — guide all our actions. By joining us, you'll contribute to making a significant impact on health outcomes globally.

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

• For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here.
• The deadline to receive your application is 15 April, 2025.  We reserve the right to close this vacancy early if we receive sufficient applications for the role. Therefore, if you are interested, please submit your application as early as possible.
• The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
• Interviews will be held on w/c 28 April 2025.
• Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement.
• Read our Candidate pack for more information on the hiring process and staff benefits.

 

 

Wednesday, April 2, 2025 Category: Jobs

GAD-7およびGAD-2質問票は不安障害の検出においてどの程度正確か？ 主な結果 - GAD-7およびGAD-2質問票 だけでは 、不安障害の診断や除外には使用できない。 - しかし、不安障害が存在するかどうかの指標にはなる。 - 個人に関する「否定的」あるいは「肯定的」なアンケート結果の解釈は、文脈によって異なる。 不安障害とは何か？ 「不安障害」は、（これらに限定されないが）精神衛生状態を指す包括的な用語である： - 全般性不安障害：6か月以上の間、ほとんどの日に過度の不安を感じ、心配をコントロールすることが難しく、さらに落ち着きのなさ、疲労感、集中力の低下、いらいら、筋肉の緊張、睡眠障害の6種類の症状のうち少なくとも3種類を経験する； - 社交不安症：社交やパフォーマンスの場面で、批判されたり、恥をかかされたりすることへの強い恐怖； - パニック障害：予期せぬ激しい恐怖や不快感を繰り返し経験し、さまざまな身体的・感情的症状を伴う。 なぜ不安障害の早期診断が重要なのか？ 不安障害は一般的な疾患であり、治療が必要と考えられる人であっても発見されないことが多い。不安障害が存在するのに気付かない（偽陰性）ことは、薬物療法、心理療法、またはその両方による適時治療の機会を逃すことを意味する。このため、一部の専門家や患者イニシアティブはスクリーニングを提唱している。つまり、対応する症状...

監査とフィードバック：専門的実践への影響 主な結果 - 医療における監査とフィードバックとは、医療従事者のパフォーマンスを評価し、専門的な基準と比較することである(監査)。そして、医療従事者は比較の結果（フィードバック）を与えられ、それがそれらの人々のパフォーマンス向上に役立つことを期待される。 - 監査とフィードバックは、医療従事者のパフォーマンスを「少し」から「中等度」向上させるのに役立つ。医療従事者がトップ・パフォーマーと比較してどうなのかを示し、改善のための重要な分野に焦点を当て、変化を起こすためのヒントを含んでいる場合に、最も効果的である。監査とフィードバックは、注意喚起や追加トレーニングといった他のサポートと組み合わせることで、さらに役立つものとなる。 - 今後の研究では、監査とフィードバックの介入を改善する最善の方法を見つけることに焦点を当てるべきである。 医療における監査とフィードバックとは何を意味するのか？ 医療従事者のパフォーマンスを向上させるために、医療機関では監査とフィードバックがしばしば用いられている。監査とフィードバックのプロセスでは、個人の専門的な実践やパフォーマンスが測定され、専門的な基準や目標と比較される。つまり、それらの人々の専門的なパフォーマンスは「監査」される。「フィードバック」では、この比較の結果が医療専門家に提供される。このプロセスの目...

How accurate are Truenat assays for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance?

On World TB Day, we highlight findings from a new review assessing the accuracy of Truenat assays for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and rifampicin resistance in adults and adolescents.

TB remains a global health threat, with 10.8 million cases and 1.25 million deaths in 2023, according to the World Health Organization. The number of people with tuberculosis keeps increasing. Both false-positive results and false-negative results have a severe impact on individuals tested. It is crucial that there is early and accurate diagnosis to prevent the spread of TB and ensure timely treatment. 

This review included six studies with over 4000 participants, comparing Truenat assays to the WHO-recommended Xpert Ultra test. While Truenat MTB Plus showed promise, further research is needed to refine diagnostic tools, particularly for drug-resistant TB.

Key findings:

• Truenat MTB Plus was more accurate than Truenat MTB for detecting TB. However, Truenat MTB misidentified many people as having TB when they did not, raising concerns. 
•  Xpert Ultra was found to be more accurate than Truenat MTB.
• Evidence on Truenat’s accuracy for detecting rifampicin resistance was limited.

Read the full review here: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD015543.pub2/full

Thursday, March 20, 2025

過剰にアルコールを摂取する人に対する心理社会的介入と薬物療法の併用は、どのような効果があるのか？ 主な結果 - 心理社会的介入のみと比較すると、アルコール使用障害（AUD）がある人にとって、薬物療法を加えることはおそらく安全であり、アルコール使用を減らすのに有用である。 - 利用可能な研究の数が限られているため、心理社会的介入と薬物療法の併用が、薬物療法のみ、無治療または通常のケアと比較した場合、AUDがある人にとって有用かどうかはわからない。 - 薬物療法のみ、無治療または通常のケアと比較した併用療法の効果について、より多くの研究が必要である。 アルコール使用障害（AUD）とは何か？ AUDは、アルコール摂取をコントロールできず、コントロールできないアルコール使用のエピソードが頻繁に起こる精神障害であり、交通事故、早死、がん、肝硬変、神経障害などの病気のリスクが高まる。 AUDの治療法は？ 心理社会的介入や薬物療法は、AUDがある人のアルコール摂取を減らすために用いられる。AUDがある人の治療によく用いられる心理社会的介入は以下の通りである： - 認知行動介入（アルコールを摂取したいという欲求に対処するための行動課題や技能を通じて、人々が自分の否定的な考えや信念、望ましくない行動を認識し、修正できるように支援することを目的とする）； - 随伴性マネジメント介入（金銭、引換券、賞...